Churches are not standing still when it comes to meeting the huge challenges posed by a changing climate. Many are making changes to their buildings to make them windtight and waterproof; it is easier to heat a dry church than a damp one. But they are also taking steps to reduce their buildings’ carbon footprint and make them more environmentally sustainable, which may be underpinned by their theological conviction for caring for both people and wider environment.
When asked “What actions have you taken to improve the environmental sustainability of your church and its buildings?”, churches revealed a picture of widespread, practical action. Many of these upgrades could be driven by the sharp rise in energy prices in 2021-22, which forced many churches to act quickly.
Encouragingly, this marks a clear shift in emphasis from earlier surveys. In 2010, 36% of churches reported making heating improvements, though these were framed as part of general maintenance and building care, rather than environmental sustainability. But by 2025, the figure has risen to 41%, with actions taken such as replacing old boilers, upgrading thermostats, zoning heating, or adding insulation.
These measures are explicitly recognised as a response to recent years: what was once seen simply as upkeep is now understood as central to protecting heritage, reducing running costs, and contributing to wider environmental goals.
A promising sign is the uptake of audits. 28% percent of churches have carried out an energy survey or audit, some supported by denominational schemes such as the Church of England’s ‘Energy Footprint Tool’ and the Parish Buying network. These audits are critical for mapping long-term pathways to net zero and churches that have undertaken audits may be more likely to also apply for grants or plan phased investments.
When asked what would be most useful to churches in terms of “enabling greater environmental sustainability for your church buildings”, financial support topped the list, with 70% saying it would be “very useful.” Beyond funding, 56% pointed to the need for professional expertise, recognising that many environmental upgrades require specialist advice.
